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Male Infertility

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Causes of Infertility

 

 

Infertility is having unprotected regular sexual intercourse despite the absence of pregnancy for over 1 year. About 50% of couples suffering from infertility have a male factor. Main causes of infertility in men are:

• Lack of sperm production (azoospermia)

• Reduction in the number or quality of sperm produced

• Inability to expel sperm (azoospermia - obstructive)

 

If we examine these causes in detail, there may be diseases such as varicocele that impair sperm quality, genetic problems (familial or acquired genetic problems), hormonal (problems in reproductive hormones such as FSH, LH, Testosterone), and obstructive azoospermia. All these parameters should be investigated before the treatment of infertility can be planned correctly. Many hormonal causes can be solved by medical treatments, varicocele can be corrected by surgery and it may be possible to have children with some procedures in patients with genetic problems.

 

What are the methods used to treat infertility?

 

First of all, factors causing infertility should be made clear. Although the treatment of infertile patients with genetic problems is generally not very satisfactory, it has been found that in some cases children can be treated by methods such as microTESE surgery. Varicocele is the most common cause of infertility in men and it is known that the chance of having a child is increased by 30% by means of methods such as microscopic surgery. It has been shown that patients with hormonal problems can achieve satisfactory results with methods such as medical treatments.

 

Is TESE surgery performed for IVF treatment?

 

Spermatozoa found in surgeries can be transferred to freshly prepared eggs or stored in the sperm bank with freezing method called cryoreservation and used for in vitro fertilization treatment.

 

When is the surgery performed? What is the advantage of microscopic method?

 

Tese surgery (Testicular Sperm Extraction) is made through a small incision over the testicle to search for sperm. In cases where sperm cannot be found in semen analysis; this procedure is done. And if this problem occurs due to a blockage in the sperm ducts only, the sperm can be found in the testicle and assisted reproductive techniques are applied (IVF). One of the most important points in this operation is to not damaging the testicles. At this point, the surgeon has the chance to perform the surgery with a microscope designed for special surgery and zooms up to 40 times what the human eye sees. With this operating microscope device the surgery can be performed with less risk of damage to the testis. You can see how the microscopic TESE (microTESE) operation is performed in the surgical images section.